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Identification:
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Preferred Structure Name:
| 44th and 12th New York Infantry Monument
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Structure Number:
| MN093
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Other Structure Name(s):
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Other Structure Name(s)
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1.
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44th & 12th New York Infantry Monument
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Park:
| Gettysburg National Military Park
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Historic District:
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Historic District
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1.
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Gettysburg National Battlefield
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Structure State:
| Pennsylvania
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Structure County:
| Adams
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Region:
| Northeast
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Cluster:
| Chesapeake
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Administrative Unit:
| Gettysburg National Military Park
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LCS ID:
| 009648
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Historical Significance:
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National Register Status:
| Entered - Documented
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National Register Date:
| 01/23/2004
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National Historic Landmark?:
| No
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Significance Level:
| Contributing
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Short Significance Description:
| Contributing feature to Gettysburg National Military Park HD which is nationally significant under NR Criteria A, B, C & D. Areas of Significance: Military, Politics/Government, Landscape Architecture, Conservation, Archeology-Historic. Period of Significance: 1863-1938.
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Long Significance Description:
| 44th and 12th New York Infantry Monument is a contributing feature to the Gettysburg National Military Park Historic District which is nationally significant under NR Criteria A, B, C & D. Areas of Significance: Military, Politics/Government, Landscape Architecture, Conservation, Archeology-Historic. Period of Significance: 1863-1938. The original National Register Nomination was approved by the Keeper March 19, 1975. An update to this nomination was approved by the Keeper on January 23, 2004.
Gettysburg National Military Park has recognized dual significance under National Register Criteria A and B because for many Americans, much of the meaning of the Civil War is represented in the small town of Gettysburg and is defined by Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address delivered here on November 19, 1863. Gettysburg National Military Park has national significance under National Register Criterion C as an important example of designed, commemorative battlefield park. There are still research questions related to the battle that can be answered through analysis of the archeological data, which has not yet been systematically gathered; therefore, this district also meets National Register Criteria D.
Gettysburg National Military Park is the site of the American Civil War Battle of Gettysburg, the Soldiers’ National Cemetery and the commemoration of the great battle by civil War veterans. Significant sites on the battlefield began to be preserved almost immediately after the 1863 battle, and the park came under federal ownership in 1895. Administered by the National Park Service (NPS) since 1933, the park now incorporates 5,989 acres of land across which the battle, its aftermath and commemoration occurred.
Civilians and military participants shared their own unique vision of preserving those battlegrounds outside of the cemetery as a means to commemorate the battle and to testify to the survival and supremacy of the Union. In 1864, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania granted a charter to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association to undertake those purposes. In 1893, the United States Congress initiated measures that would expand the scope of preservation activities to include Confederate positions. These early efforts eventually led to the establishment of a national military park at Gettysburg in 1895. The original administrators of these national military parks regarded Gettysburg as the most significant of the battlefields commemorating the Civil War in the Eastern Theater of operations. In 1896, the United States Supreme Court agreed that Government preservation and protection of the memorial tradition promoted by the veterans, endorsed and generously funded by a grateful people, and formalized by a lasting national park, ultimately elevated Gettysburg’s battle to the position of the defining and quintessential Civil War event. Veterans of the battle oversaw the memorial process and the development of the park until 1927 when the last of these men died. The commemorative aspect of the national park was best reflected in its designed landscape elements, including monumentation and formal drives and avenues. This designed aspect of the battlefield Park meets National Register Criterion C. Subsequent non-Civil War-veteran administrators did not share the memorial fervor embraced by those who participated in and survived the war. Therefore, the significant dates for Gettysburg fall between 1863 and 1938.
Marks position held by 44th New York p.m. July 2, 1863 when soldiers of Hood's Div. attacked. Inscription tablet to 12th NY Infantry was added later. 1 of 90 mn in Park to NY commands. Located on W side of Sykes Ave, on summit of Little Round Top.
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Construction Period:
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Construction Period:
| Historic
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Chronology:
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Physical Event
| Begin Year
| Begin Year AD/BC
| End Year
| End Year AD/BC
| Designer
| Designer Occupation
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1.
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Built
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1893
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AD
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1900
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AD
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2.
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Altered
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1993
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AD
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1993
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AD
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NPS - Gate to block stairs
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3.
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Rehabilitated
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1997
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AD
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1997
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AD
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NPS - Repointed, Powr Washed, Waxed
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4.
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Preserved
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2000
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AD
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2000
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AD
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NPS - Power Washed
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5.
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Preserved
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2003
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AD
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2003
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AD
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NPS - Waxed
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6.
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Altered
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2004
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AD
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2004
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AD
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NPS - Replaced bronze handrail
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Function and Use:
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Primary Historic Function:
| Monument (Marker, Plaque)
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Primary Current Use:
| Monument (Marker, Plaque)
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Structure Contains Museum Collections?:
| No
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Other Functions or Uses:
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Other Function(s) or Use(s)
| Historic or Current
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| No records. |
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Physical Description:
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Structure Type:
| Outdoor Sculpture
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Material(s):
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Structural Component(s)
| Material(s)
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1.
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Superstructure
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Granite
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2.
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Substructure
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Granite
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Short Physical Description:
| Mn consists of numerous courses of undressed granite blocks built in form of castle w/ turret & castellated overlook. Chamber & arched accesses with bronze tablets. 28' long, 21'8" wide, 44'6" high. Gate added to exclude access to stairs 1993.
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Long Physical Description:
| Monument comprises numerous courses of undressed granite block constructed in the form of a castle with turret and castellated overlook. Chamber and arched accesses with bronze tablets. A tablet to the 12th New York Infantry was added later. The monument is twenty-eight feet long, 21.8 feet wide and 44.6 feet high. Located on the west side of Sykes Avenue on the summit of Little Round Top.
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